Aquaponics is a food production system by combining normal aquaculture (aquaculture products such as snails, fish, shrimp in tanks) with hydroponics in a symbiotic environment.In conventional aquaculture, excretions from released animals can accumulate in water that is toxic to water. In an aquaponics system, water from an aquaculture system is introduced into a hydroponic system, where by-products are broken down by bacteria into nitrates and nitrites, which are absorbed by plants. pass. After that, the water is re-circulated back to the aquaculture system.
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Complete aquaponics process:
In an aquaponics unit, water from the cycle through fish tank filters, tree troughs and then back to the fish. In the filters, the fish waste is removed from the water, first using a mechanical filter to remove the solid waste and then through a biological filter to treat the dissolved waste. country. Biofiltration systems provide a habitat for microorganisms to convert ammonia, which is toxic to fish, into nitrates, a more accessible nutrient for plants. This process is called nitrification. When water (containing nitrates and other nutrients) passes through the planting trough, the plant absorbs the nutrients, and finally pure water is returned to the aquarium. This process allows fish, plants and symbiotic microorganisms to grow and work together to create a good development environment for each other, as long as the system is properly balanced.
In aquaponics, aquaculture wastewater is transferred to tree troughs and not released into the environment, while in this process nutrients for plants are provided from a cost-effective and non-chemical source. . This integration eliminates some of the unsustainable factors of recirculating aquaculture and independent hydroponic systems. In addition to the benefits obtained by this integration, aquaponics has shown that the food it provides (vegetables, tubers, fish ...) is comparable to circulating and hydroponic aquaculture systems.
Aquaponics can be more efficient and economically feasible in certain situations, especially where land and water are limited. However, aquaponics is complex and requires significant initial costs. The increase in production must cost more than the investment costs needed to integrate the two systems. Before committing to a large or expensive system, a full business plan needs to be taken into consideration of economic, environmental, social and logistical aspects.
Although only two product groups are fish and vegetables with visible yields in most aquaponic systems, it is important to understand that aquaponics is the management of a complete ecosystem of three groups of organisms. That is: fish, plants and microorganisms.
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